Health and Safety Information on Altitude Sickness for Kilimanjaro Climbers

Published on September 07, 2024

Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro is a thrilling adventure, but altitude sickness can pose a significant challenge, especially as you approach the summit. Proper preparation and understanding how to minimize altitude sickness are essential for a successful climb.

What is Altitude Sickness?

Altitude sickness, also known as acute mountain sickness (AMS), occurs when your body struggles to adjust to the reduced oxygen levels at higher altitudes. This can happen on Kilimanjaro, where the elevation reaches 5,895 meters (19,341 feet).

How to Minimize Altitude Sickness on Kilimanjaro

  1. Pace Yourself:
    • One of the most effective ways to avoid altitude sickness is to climb slowly. On summit night, in particular, maintain a gradual pace.
    • Tip: Kilimanjaro guides often emphasize “pole pole” (Swahili for "slowly, slowly"). This method allows your body more time to adjust to the thinning air.
  2. Stay Hydrated:
    • Drinking plenty of water is crucial in high-altitude environments. Dehydration can worsen symptoms of altitude sickness. Aim to drink at least 3-4 liters of water per day.
    • Pro Tip: Carry hydration salts or sports drinks to replenish lost electrolytes.
  3. Acclimatization:
    • Proper acclimatization is key to reducing the risk of altitude sickness. The 5-day Marangu Route offers gradual ascent, but extending your trek by an extra day can significantly improve acclimatization. This allows your body more time to adjust to the elevation and can increase your chances of reaching the summit safely.
    • Bonus: Additional acclimatization days are available on other routes, like the Machame or Lemosho routes, which provide even better altitude adaptation.
  4. Recognize Symptoms:
    • Common symptoms of altitude sickness include:
      • Headaches
      • Nausea or vomiting
      • Dizziness or lightheadedness
    • Action Plan: If you experience any of these symptoms, stop and rest. If they worsen or don't improve, descend to a lower altitude immediately. Ignoring severe symptoms can lead to more dangerous conditions such as High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) or High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE).
  5. Medication (Diamox):
    • Diamox (Acetazolamide) is a common medication used to prevent and treat altitude sickness. It helps speed up acclimatization by allowing you to breathe faster, thereby raising oxygen levels in your blood.
    • Important: Always consult your doctor before starting Diamox or any medication. It is crucial to understand the dosage, potential side effects, and whether it’s right for you based on your health history.

Why Precautions Matter

Taking these precautions increases your chance of a successful and safe climb. Many climbers underestimate the impact of altitude sickness, but by pacing yourself, staying hydrated, acclimatizing properly, and recognizing symptoms early, you can improve your experience and make the journey more enjoyable.